Coronary Artery Disease ( Cad ) - 1428 Words

INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD; also more simply referred to as coronary heart disease) is a specific type of atherosclerosis, which is in turn a form of arteriosclerosis (Dulson, Fraser, LeDrew, Vavitas, 2011). All of these medical conditions entail the same problem, which hinders proper blood flow of oxygenated blood in the arteries: the sclerosis (that is, hardening) of arteries in the circulatory system (Sclerosis [medicine], 2016). Arteriosclerosis is a general term used to describe the stiffening of arteries particularly resulting from the process of mere ageing, but may also occur due to the presence of other aspects such as hypertension and/or the accumulation of plaque in and/or on the arterial walls, which consists of numerous components including lipids (cholesterol in particular), calcium, and other substances present within the bloodstream; atherosclerosis is specifically associated with plaque buildup in the arteries (if it occurs in one of the coronary arteries, which supply oxygenated blood to the myocardial tissue itself, it is further classified as CAD) (Difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis, 2014; Dulson et al., 2011). CAD is a common, serious condition that may be fatal; hence, it is imperative that one understands the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease in order to help decrease its prevalence. This report is concerned with explaining the physiological effects of CAD on the body, latter-dayShow MoreRelatedCoronary Artery Disease ( Cad )1468 Words   |  6 PagesCoronary artery disease (CAD), also known as heart disease, is defined as the â€Å"narrowing or blockage of the arteries and vessels that provide oxygen and nutrients to the heart† (Milto, Odle, p.1). The main cause of CAD is an accumulation of fatty materials on the lining of arteries. Once the fatty materials line the inner arteries, it restricts blood flow to the heart. When blood is can no longer long flow to the heart, it causes a heart attack. Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of deathRead MoreCoronary Artery Disease ( Cad ) Essay1458 Words   |  6 PagesCoronary artery disease (CAD): Cardiovascular diseases has affected large number of population worldwide and in developed countries it is responsible for half of all deaths and coronary artery disease (CAD) alone is responsible for 1 of every 4.7 deaths in the United States (Eichner et al., 2002). Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) extended to involve the developing countries also this is probably due to change in life style and dietary habits, one of the examples in developing countries is India wereRead MoreCoronary Artery Disease ( Cad )2013 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the end result of the accumulation of atheromatous plaques within the walls of the coronary arteries that supply the myocardium with oxygen and nutrients. While the symptoms and signs of (CAD) are noted in the advanced state of disease, most individuals with (CAD) show no evidence of disease for decades as the disease progress before the first onset of symptoms, often a â€Å"Sudden† heart attack, After decades of progression, some of these atheromatous plaquesRead MoreIntroduction Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by reduced blood flow in the coronary1100 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by reduced blood flow in the coronary arteries. This subsequently leads to reduced oxygenation to the myocardium, resulting in transient ischemia or angina. CAD may cause permanent damage to myocardial cells or infarction. The left ventricle of the heart is most susceptible to CAD. The causes of CAD include atherosclerosis, congenital defects, coronary artery spasm, dissecting aneurysm, infectious vasculitis and syphilis. Atherosclerosis and vasospasmRead MoreCoronary artery disease (CAD), also known as coronary heart disease, is the leading cause of800 Words   |  4 PagesCoronary artery disease (CAD), also known as coronary heart disease, is the leading cause of mortality in both men and women in the United States today. It has been reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that CAD accounted for nearly 616,000 deaths in 2011 and was responsible for 1 in 4 deaths in the U.S. in the same year. 1 Coronary artery disease is a progressive disease where the major arterial vessels supplying the heart become occluded and sclerotic due to the buildup ofRead MoreA Brief Note On Coronary Heart Disease ( Chd )887 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is one of the most common disease in the United States with high mortality rate. There reported cases of fatal or non-fatal myocardial infraction or instances that have led to the death of patients caused by sudden CHD summing to a million each year. The most common symptom that is associated with CHD is angina. The estimated number of middle-aged men suffering from Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is between 1 to 2 million thus increasing their risk of themRead MoreCoronary Artery Disease Is Caused By Impaired Coronary Blood Flow Essay1616 Words   |  7 Pagesthose two things can be a huge sign of one of the deadliest diseases in the world. This disease is called coronary artery disease. Most people with this disease don’t even know they have it which is interesting because it is reported as one of the most deadliest. This disease is not only important to me but it should be to everyone else because we could have it and not realize it by the subtl e symptoms. Everyone should be aware of this disease because simple symptoms can lead to death. It’s importantRead MoreCoronary Artery Disease Is The Most Common Type Of Heart Disease861 Words   |  4 PagesCoronary Artery Disease is the most common type of heart disease and is the leading cause of death in the United States in both men and women. It is caused by a buildup of cholesterol and other materials on the inner walls of arteries. The buildup is called atherosclerosis. As the buildup grows the heart gets less and less blood supply thereby depleting it of oxygen. This eventually leads to chest pain (angina) or a heart attack which is usually caused by a clot that suddenly breaks off theRead MoreThe Diagnosis Of Heart Disease1805 Words   |  8 PagesHEART DISEASE Data mining as it has been established is simply a way of getting hidden knowledge or information from data, the technique(s) employed search for concurrency, relationships, and outliers in this data that they present as knowledge [4]. This knowledge can then be used in different applications. Prediction is one of the ways that the hidden knowledge gotten from the data can be used. The main aim is to use a large number of past values to consider probable future [9]. Heart disease isRead MoreCase Study : Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease2114 Words   |  9 Pages Case Study on Chronic Diseases Submitted by: Bhakti Amin ID Number: 4209426 Presented to: Professor Cupac Tanja June 06, 2016 NURS 1495 Nursing Theory Patient’s initials: BV Age: 55, Gender: Male Date of admission: 15/03/2016 Approximate educational level: College Diploma Definition of Chronic

Study Habits - 1368 Words

. College students, especially freshmen, are a group particularly prone to stress (DZurilla Sheedy, 1991) due to the transitional nature of college life (Towbes Cohen, 1996). They must adjust to being away from home for the first time, maintain a high level of academic achievement, and adjust to a new social environment. College students, regardless of year in school, often deal with pressures related to finding a job or a potential life partner. These stressors do not cause anxiety or tension by themselves. Instead, stress results from the interaction between stressors and the individuals perception and reaction to those stressors (Romano, 1992). The amount of stress experienced may be influenced by the individuals ability to†¦show more content†¦According to the universitys study, many times tutors and others can feed into the students weaknesses by not assessing the overall issues with learning. Oftentimes, these people take too much responsibility from the student, particularly with things like essay writing. In terms of a solution, Oxford found that by avoiding a segmented approach at teaching proper study methods, better results were achieved. Essentially, college freshmen have a responsibility to use less of the assets that help in guidance for fixing study problems and simply take greater accountability for their actions. It is up to the student to find the best study solutions that work for them, rather than rely on the efforts of others. The best study solution that can be recommended is to create a process of learning that works for the individual. Avoiding distractions and allowing themselves proper down time can create better studying standards over time. Once the student finds a program that works for them, they usually find that their study problems go away Going to college and living in a dorm is a living and learning experience. It’s probably the only time in your life that you will ever be living with a community of people with the same interests, goals, and, not to mention, fears. You should always understand that sharing a floor couldShow MoreRelatedStudy Habits854 Words   |  4 Pageslevel of students in school becomes higher, their study habits differ from time to time. The kind of study habits they have shows the differences or improvements in how they become skilled and earnest about learning new things. Studying does not only include the preparation of students to excel in class but also the reinforcements of the lessons already taught. It is merely reviewing and committing to mind new information. Furthermore, study habits can be derived as buying out a dedicated scheduledRead MoreStudy Habits1391 Words   |  6 PagesChapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE amp; STUDIES According to Palm Beach Community College (PBBC, 2008), they recommend that student’s study should have at least three hours out of class for every hour spent in class. They also said that a student must have a special place to study with plenty of room to work. And students should not be cramped. They presupposes that study time will go better if a learner take a few minutes at the start to straighten things up. A desk and straight-backedRead MoreStudy Habits6353 Words   |  26 PagesSTUDY HABITS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF THIRD YEAR STUDENTS OF SANTA ROSA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HIGH SCHOOL FOR THE SCHOOL YEAR 2011-2012 A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School Polytechnic University of the Philippines Santa Rosa Campus In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Master in Educational Management By JESUSA G. HABIG August 2011 CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Effective study skills are necessary for a high school studentRead MoreStudy Habits Introduction1844 Words   |  8 Pageswatching others, you have to practice and practice frequently. Successful students employ time management systems to create study patterns that work and use active learning methods to add meaning and interest to their study time and maintaining their motivation by connecting reasons for study to their life goals and values. Learners must develop and established good study habits in doing school work, which can raised their academic performance. High educational achievement attained by the learnersRead MoreStudy Habits Introduction1853 Words   |  8 Pageswatching others, you have to practice and practice frequently. Successful students employ time management systems to create study patterns that work and use active learning methods to add meaning and interest to their study time and maintaining their motivation by connecting reasons for study to their life goals and values. Learners must develop and established good study habits in doing school work, which can raised their academic performance. High educational achievement attained by the learners inRead MoreChapter 2 Study Habits2145 Words   |  9 PagesChapter II Related Literature and Related Studies This research study cited books, articles and laws, which are relevant to the  present investigation.  It is composed of related literature and studies, both local andforeign, which contain facts and information on the research problem at hand.  It also  provides  explanations  and  logical  connections  between  previous  researches  and  the  present work. Foreign Literature In Dorothy E. Jhonson’s Behavioral System Model, she stated that a behavioral systemRead MoreStudy Habits of Accounting Students4380 Words   |  18 PagesBSA, because of the job opportunities awaits them when they become a CPA. Accounting students in UE Caloocan are trained. They have a good faculty to guide them, they provide seminars, and they provide reviews before the exams. Background of the Study For others, when they hear that you’re an Accountancy student, it means that you are intelligent and good at solving problems, but it’s not easy to be an accountant student. Many BSA students failed and shifted to other courses because of the retentionRead MoreFactors Affecting Study Habits4632 Words   |  19 Pages3, 2006; Accepted April 14, 2006. Other Sectionsââ€" ¼ Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to examine factors such as academic competence, test competence, time management, strategic studying, and test anxiety, and identify whether these factors could distinguish differences among students, based on academic performance and enrollment in the experiential program. Methods A cross-sectional study design utilizing questionnaires measuring previously validated constructs was used to evaluateRead MoreStudy Habits and the Academic Performance of the Pupils.7856 Words   |  32 Pagespersonal matter and there isn’t one study habit that works for every situation. One here to take more responsibility to acquire the desired knowledge to develop positive values, critical thinking, attitudes and skills. Effective study skills and strategies opportunities to approach learning tasks systematically and independently. Practicing good study habits is the key to becoming smarter and achieving success in school. Paivio (2000) noted that habits of study, which are formed in school haveRead MoreThe Effects of Study Habits on Academic Performance....2248 Words   |  9 PagesOzamiz City, 7200 â€Å"THE EFFECT OF STUDY HABITS ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECOND YEAR ACCOUNTANCY STUDENTS ENROLLED IN SUMMER IN LA SALLE UNIVERSITY, OZAMIZ CITY, SCHOOL YEAR 2010† A research proposal Presented to: Mr. Raymundo Dolor, CPA, MBA, LLB In Partial Fulfilment Of the Requirements for the Subject ACTW By Emphasis, Hazel G. Zamoras, Jaykie Luzette ABSTRACT This study identifies whether study habits bring positive or negative effects to the academic

Tom Brennan Free Essays

English Essay! English Essay! In the book, ‘The story of Tom Brennan’, the author J. C. Burke, creates a successful novel portraying the life of a teenager and the daily routines that they are faced with throughout their world. We will write a custom essay sample on Tom Brennan or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this book the teenager, Tom Brennan, is faced with many obstacles including the party and playing football. While there are many negative incidents that Tom faces, he is not alone. Some positive ideas include support and help of family, always being behind his back, a renewed sense of self and creating new relationships, especially a girlfriend. Techniques used to express these ideas are mostly dialogue, imagery, and flashbacks. Through these ideas, the readers experience the successfulness that J. C. Burke has written. The use of flashbacks within this novel are important as it creates a sense of importance and curiosity towards the reader and not only does it make a connection to what is being said in the book, it only lasts about half way into the book, showing that through the action of a renewed sense of self, Tom is beginning his journey of ‘into the world’. Tom is growing up, maturing, and forgetting his past in order to focus on his current and future life. Many of the flashbacks are about negative situations or moments, an example is showing the reader how it came to happen that Fin is in a wheelchair and that Daniel is in gaol. As the readers progress into the book, flashbacks give them information of how it was like before the incident, quoting, ‘I wanted to be back home having a barbie. Having our normal Australia day. (pg 5) Flashbacks is a useful technique used as it mixes the past with the present and gives the extra information that is needed in order to understand the book. This technique is one of the ways that had made J. C. Burke’s book, ‘The story of Tom Brennan’ so successful. Dialogue in this novel creates a discussion but also creates a sense of thought. This technique is used a lot throughout the whole novel as it is a major part of the story with Tom expressing his opinions, to other people o r himself, ‘this sucks Tom†¦and how bad lunch was! ’(pg 15). A lot of communication between the main characters, expressing of opinions thoughts and experiences are practiced throughout the whole novel, ‘Daniel, he called†¦. he’s fine†¦I answered’ aunty Kath replied ‘guess I caught him off guard†¦He can’t afford to be off-guard! ’(pg 153-155) Dialogue is a major factor in this novel as it is the main part of this novel, telling of all the events and the expressions and feelings of each person. Dialogue is like a bridge way, it joins everyone, family, friends; it also creates new friendships, girlfriend in Tom’s view. Dialogue is one of the main factors that made this novel successful. Imagery gives the audience a feel as if they can picture something in their mind, creating a sense of imagination. A negative incident is that of the car crash, ‘the night it happened I didn’t get to the hall before eight thirty. ’ This is the beginning of the incidence that had happened at the hall. (pg 37-48) in this part, imagery was the main technique, filling the reader’s mind with pictures and scenes of the events. Imagery is very effective in this scene as it’s a significant event. That night I had walked†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Matt was waving and shouting out of his window. ’ This scene is very good as it gives the readers curiosity and wanting more to know what is going to happen on the next Flashback. Most of the imagery that is effective and well-presented is in the flashback; most of the exciting scenes and great parts of the book are in the flashback, mixed with the use of imagery creating a unique mix of techniques. ‘Daniel! ’ I screamed†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦police sirens came in the distance†¦. ’it’s okay Fin, it’s okay. (78-82) this is where the last of the incident occurred, giving a shocking load of imagery and detailed sentences about the crash and the wreckage found. Through the use of imagery, this novel is a successful piece of J. C. Burke’s collection. In this book the teenager, Tom Brennan, is faced with many obstacles but later gets over them with the help of family and friends. Through many techniques and ideas, the readers experience the successfulness that J. C. Burke has written in the book, ‘The story of Tom Brennan’, portraying the life of a teenager and the daily routines that they are faced with throughout their world. How to cite Tom Brennan, Essay examples

Accounting Theory and Issues Accounting Scientific Research

Question: Describe about the Accounting Theory and Issues for Accounting Scientific Research. Answer: Introduction The research article aims to provide a detailed evidence of the contribution of positive accounting theory to the field of accounting. The research paper analyses and examines the various literatures related to the positive accounting theory for developing its in-depth understanding. The main argument presented in the paper is related to the lack of empirical evidences in support of positive accounting theory for achieving the accounting research scientific objectives. The author through the research article has expressed the concern over the effectiveness of positive accounting theory to achieve success in the field of accounting research. The theory of positive accounting is a subject of criticism since its emergence as it is not based on testable predictions. The prediction power of the theory is relatively less that makes it largely ineffective in the field of accounting (Bazrafshan and Talebina, 2016). In this context, the present essay aims to provide a critical analysis of the research article Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research. The critical analysis include summarising its main points, identifying the research question, discussion of the theoretical framework and at last discussing about the significance and limitations of the article. Summary of Article The main argument presented in the research paper has been summarised in this section. The author in the article has stated that the theory of positive accounting has been largely used by the accountants since its emergence for explaining and predicting accounting operations. The views and opinions of various authors have been presented in the research paper for gathering evidences in support of the main argument developed by the author in the article. Positive accounting theory has been described as not so useful in the field of accounting as it is more theoretical based and does not provide practice-oriented outcomes. The positive accounting theory has an important influence on the accounting researches by explaining the reality of accounting through demonstrating cause and effect relationships. The theory was developed by Watts and Zimmerman in 1970s that is in contrary to the normative accounting theory. Normative accounting theory is mainly used for developing the accounting pri nciples however on the contrary positive accounting theory is based on scientific phenomena for explaining the reality of accounting (Dunmore, 2009). There is no development in the positive accounting theoretical model since its emergence and as such is regarded as inappropriate for attaining the accounting research aims and objectives. Thus, the research article focuses on widening the theoretical concept of positive accounting so that it can achieve the scientific objectives of contemporary accounting. The field of accounting has undergone much development in the recent years and it is based more on testing the accounting predictions. Thus, all the recent changes in the field of accounting should be incorporated in the theoretical model of positive accounting for achieving the scientific objectives of contemporary accounting research. Thus, the research article has such contributed largely to the field of accounting research by highlighting the deficiencies in the positive account ing theoretical framework (Dunmore, 2009). Research Question The research question as identified in the research article is Does positive accounting theoretical framework used in accounting research is effective in attaining its scientific objectives? In the context of this main research question, the article also addresses the following sub-research question: What is the importance of positive accounting theory in the field of accounting research? What are the main weaknesses of the positive accounting theory that needs to be improved for achieving the accounting research objectives? Does positive accounting should be used in combination with other theoretical frameworks for conducting accounting researches? All the above mentioned research questions have been identified and extracted from the literature review of the research article. The overall literature review has discussed about the contribution and weaknesses of positive accounting theory in attaining the scientific objectives of accounting research. Thus, all the above research questions are extracted from critically analysing the overall research article in detail (Dunmore, 2009). Theoretical Framework The present section critically evaluates the literature review of the research article. The theoretical framework of the research article states positive accounting theory as an economic-based theory that tends to explain the objectivity of accounting problems. The theory is in contrast with normative accounting theory that is mainly subjective based and provides recommendations to the accountants based on accounting principles. However, positive accounting theory implements phenomena of natural sciences for describing the accounting principle and practices (Ghnabari et al., 2016). It is mainly based on empirical studies and provides outcome to the accounting problem through testing the hypothesis that researches observes in practice. The theoretical framework also presents various critics against the theory of positive accounting due to which it is not proving to be effective currently for carrying out accounting research. The main criticisms as analysed from the research article ag ainst the theory is that is largely economics based and thus has reliance on perfect market. This is in contradiction with accounting concepts as there is no existence of a perfect market as evaluated from the capital asset pricing model (Dunmore, 2009). Also, Watts and Zimmerman have largely argued about positive accounting theory to be scientific and practically based but the outcome achieved from the theory is not such practically oriented. Various authors have argued that positive accounting theory is more of rhetoric than scientifically based and is also regarded as based on value judgement. The positive accounting theory was regarded as based on objectivity but its heavy reliance on value judgment has contradicted its objectivity basis. Thus, all these criticisms of positive accounting theory have regarded it as largely ineffective for attaining scientific objectives of accounting research (Rhonheimer, 2000). The deficiencies in positive accounting theory make it largely inappropriate to be applied in actual situations. Thus, positive accounting research is mainly regarded as theoretical rather than scientifically based. Positive accounting research has gained dominance in the field of accounting as it was claimed to be scienti fically based on its development. However, the clams of the theory have proved to be false as it is regarded as more theoretically based and less practically oriented due to it based on value judgement (Deegan, 2014). The theory is simply regarded as mix of other accounting theories such as agency and efficient market hypothesis theory nowadays. Its reliability has been put in question by various accounting researches that depict it to be inappropriate for carrying out future accounting research (Dunmore, 2009). The theoretical framework of the research article has regarded positive accounting theory to be inappropriate for analysing and predicting the human behaviour in accounting settings. The theory that was stated to be based on explaining cause and effect relationships in accounting is now regarded to be only rhetorical (Bazrafshan and Talebina, 2016). The literature review of the article also suggests that researchers should use positive accounting theory in combination with other theoretical concepts for attaining the practically oriented objectives of accounting research. There is high need for the development of better theoretical models for analysing and testing accounting predictions. The positive accounting theory is not so effective in testing accounting predictions as it is based more on value judgment. There is lack of objectivity in theoretical model of positive accounting and such the researchers should develop a more appropriate theoretical model for guiding accounting rese arch. Accounting research mainly involves statistical testing of hypothesis developed for achieving a reliable outcome of the accounting problem. Thus, positive accounting theory does not seem to be appropriate for developing an accurate answer for the research problem in accounting research (Bazrafshan and Talebina, 2016). Thus, the overall discussion held in the literature review of the research article has questioned on the scientific status of positive accounting theory and has recommended the adoption of better theoretical models in accounting research (Dunmore, 2009). Significance and Limitations of the Article The research article is highly significant in the field of accounting as it helps in identifying the main shortcomings in the positive accounting theory. The theoretical model of positive accounting is largely used by the accountants for examining the accounting principles. However, the theory is largely been criticised as it is based mainly on subjectivity rather than being objective in nature. The research article is highly significant as it recommends the users to implement better accounting theoretical concepts for attaining practical outcomes of accounting research (Dunmore, 2009). The main limitations of the research article as it lacks practical evidences in support of the main argument presented in the paper. The article has only reviewed secondary literary sources for presenting an in-depth understanding of the research topic. The article lacks objectivity as it has not collected any quantitative data against positive accounting theory but has only demonstrated qualitative d ata in support of the research topic. The research article should also incorporate some standard measures for providing the main weaknesses of positive accounting theory. All the discussion held in the research article is mainly subjective in nature and therefore lacks practical evidences in support of the findings developed. The findings of the research article needs to be supported by practical evidences through the collection of primary data. Primary data is regarded as the data that is not available and is collected mainly for carrying out a research. It is mainly quantitative in nature and provides a practical approach to the research topic (Dunmore, 2009). The research article has adopted qualitative research methodology for analysing the research topic in detail. There are various limitations attached with qualitative research methodology. The limitations include lack of objectivity and as such the research becomes less reliable. The lack of practical demonstration in support in empirical evidence developed in the paper questions on its reliability and validity. The author should have incorporated the use of exploratory research methodology that involves the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data for attaining a specific answer for the research problem. The qualitative data should aim at supporting the findings obtained from quantitative analysis. The quantitative analysis involves collection of primary data through survey process for evaluating the research topic in detail. The lack of quantitative data also limits the usefulness of the research article for future researches held in this context. The qualitative data is not regarded a reliable and therefore the findings obtained from its analysis cannot be used by future researchers that aims to carry out the research in the respective field. Also, the theoretical framework of the research article is not well-presented and such is not easily understood by the readers. The author should have presented the theoretical framework in a more synchronised way so that readers can easily understand the main concepts presented thorough the author in the literature review section. Thus, all these are the main limitations that have impacted the significance of the research article (Dunmore, 2009). Conclusion It can be said from the overall analysis of the research article that it has provided a base for future researchers to analyse and examine the importance and weaknesses of positive accounting theory. The author has recommended that better theoretical models in accounting research should be adopted for attaining its scientific objectives. The main shortcoming of positive accounting theory is being highlighted by the author so that future researches in the field of accounting can be improved. The research article concludes that positive accounting theory though has largely being used in explaining accounting phenomena needs to be improved to meet the objectives of contemporary accounting. The researchers should implement the theoretical concepts advocated by positive accounting in addition with other theoretical models of accounting for accurately achieving the objectives of empirical accounting research. References Bazrafshan, M. and Talebina, G. 2016. Challenges Positive Accounting Theory. International Journal of Basic Sciences Applied Research 5 (2), pp. 119-122. Chatfield, M. and Vangermeersch, R. 2014. The History of Accounting (RLE Accounting): An International Encylopedia. Routledge. Deegan, C. 2014. Financial Accounting Theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Dunmore, P.V. 2009. Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research. Ghnabari, M. et al. 2016. PAT (Positive Accounting Theory) and Natural Science. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 10(2), pp. 177-182. Rhonheimer, M. 2000. Natural Law and Practical Reason: A Thomist View of Moral Autonomy. Fordham Univ Press.